The Human Impacts Database

A collection of useful numbers for quantifying the impacts of the human presence on Earth.

This quantity is a single measurement of the quantity at a given point in time (2012).


Value:		≈ 2.34 × 10¹³ kg / yr see this value in other units This is equivalent to... ≈ 2.34 × 10¹⁰ tonnes / yr ≈ 1.01 × 10¹⁰ m³ / yr
HuID:		81346
Relevant Year(s):		2012
Summary:		This value is calculated by adding global values of cement, water, and aggregate (the components used to make concrete) that were consumed in 2012 for the production of concrete. The source gives a more precise value of 2.3437 × 10¹³ kg / yr of concrete consumed in 2012. The source also gives the volume of concrete consumed as 1.0058 × 10¹⁰ m³ / yr. See Table 1 of source for details.
Method:		Consumption of cement was determined by USGS estimates for the year 2012. Estimates for the consumption of aggregate and water were estimated from the average composition of concrete mixtures that are used to meet strength requirements. Concrete volume was calculated using these mixture proportions and the density of concrete. See Section 4 of the source supplementary information for more on how the values in Table 1 were calculated.
Source:		Miller, S.A., Horvath, A., and Monteiro, P.J. Readily implementable techniques can cut annual CO2 emissions from the produciton of concrete by over 20%. Environmental Research Letters (2016)
Dataset:		Global concrete consumption in 2012 based on its requisite components (Miller_et_al_concrete_production_2012.csv) global resolution
Original Data License:		CC-BY 4.0
Added By:		nsarai